Sunday, November 1, 2009
The evolution of marketing is associated with the development of human society. The development in the fields of science and technology also contribute to the development of marketing.
The development of marketing is relatively recent for many million years, human wants were limited to some food, shelter and simple clothing, human being procured these directly from nature. The caves provide them shelter. They lived by hunting and gathering. People constantly moved from one area to other in search of food. They did not produce any surplus food. There was no exchange activity. Thus there was no scope for marketing.
At first, The seed of marketing was sown when people started to live permantly in village and started farmings. Some farmers were able to produce surplus food. The farmers exchanged the surplus food with other items such as agricultural tools and clothing materials. iniatially they exchange their surplus production through the barter transaction where products are exchanged for product. In the beginning, the exchange was confined to neighbour or with people living in the neighbouring villages.
Then after, the traders in the middle-ages were not satisfied with the local markets. They travelled far and wide for more profitable transaction. This established trade routes on land and sea.
Industrial revolution in europe during the last quarter of eighteenth century brought a total change in the method of production and diatribution of goods and services. Machines were introduced for production. Machine made product replaced the hand-made products. Introduction of machines helped in mass production of goods.
the consumer movement started in the last quarter of the twentieth century. This movement led to the formation of many consumer with groups. These group forced government to design several consumer protection law's all over the world.
The movement for environmental protection has become very strong internationally. This movement is concerned with the damage to the environment caused by forest depletion, environment pollution, acid rain, toxic waste in water bodies and loss of the ozone layer and so on.
The rapid development in computer,telecommunication, and television technology has brought new challenge & opporyunity in marketing. Marketers can know the specific consumer needs and preference through the use of information technology. The internet has already linked most of the countries through telephone. Its membership is rapidly increasing.
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